diff --git a/data/collectors/hyperliquid.py b/data/collectors/hyperliquid.py
index 5e7d0fe..9de0ba0 100644
--- a/data/collectors/hyperliquid.py
+++ b/data/collectors/hyperliquid.py
@@ -268,12 +268,12 @@ class HyperliquidCollector:
         )
         self._latency.record_transport(time_ms, local_ts)
 
-    async def _handle_trades(self, data: dict, local_ts: float):
-        coin = data.get("coin", "?")
-        if coin not in self._coins:
-            return
+    async def _handle_trades(self, data: dict | list, local_ts: float):
         trade_list = data if isinstance(data, list) else [data]
         for trade in trade_list:
+            coin = trade.get("coin", "?") if isinstance(trade, dict) else "?"
+            if coin not in self._coins:
+                continue
             time_ms = normalize_timestamp(trade.get("time"), source="hl")
             self._store.push(
                 channel="trades",
@@ -311,7 +311,11 @@ class HyperliquidCollector:
                     async with session.post(self._api_url, json={"type": "metaAndAssetCtxs"}, timeout=aiohttp.ClientTimeout(total=10)) as resp:
                         data = await resp.json()
                     if isinstance(data, list) and len(data) >= 2:
-                        universe = data[0].get("universe", [])
+                        raw_universe = data[0]
+                        if isinstance(raw_universe, dict):
+                            universe = raw_universe.get("universe", [])
+                        else:
+                            universe = raw_universe if isinstance(raw_universe, list) else []
                         ctxs = data[1]
                         now_ms = int(time.time() * 1000)
                         for i, asset_info in enumerate(universe):
@@ -357,7 +361,11 @@ class HyperliquidCollector:
                     async with session.post(self._api_url, json={"type": "metaAndAssetCtxs"}, timeout=aiohttp.ClientTimeout(total=10)) as resp:
                         data = await resp.json()
                     if isinstance(data, list) and len(data) >= 2:
-                        universe = data[0].get("universe", [])
+                        raw_universe = data[0]
+                        if isinstance(raw_universe, dict):
+                            universe = raw_universe.get("universe", [])
+                        else:
+                            universe = raw_universe if isinstance(raw_universe, list) else []
                         ctxs = data[1]
                         now_ms = int(time.time() * 1000)
                         for i, asset_info in enumerate(universe):
diff --git a/data/duckdb_load.py b/data/duckdb_load.py
index 2df4844..91b14c4 100644
--- a/data/duckdb_load.py
+++ b/data/duckdb_load.py
@@ -197,10 +197,9 @@ class DuckDBLoader:
             ))
 
         if rows:
-            import duckdb
-            rel = duckdb.from_sequence(rows)
-            self.conn.execute(
-                "INSERT OR IGNORE INTO l2_snapshots SELECT * FROM rel"
+            self.conn.executemany(
+                "INSERT OR IGNORE INTO l2_snapshots VALUES (?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?)",
+                rows
             )
             logger.info("Loaded %d L2 snapshots for %s", len(rows), coin)
 
@@ -242,10 +241,9 @@ class DuckDBLoader:
             ))
 
         if rows:
-            import duckdb
-            rel = duckdb.from_sequence(rows)
-            self.conn.execute(
-                "INSERT INTO trades SELECT * FROM rel"
+            self.conn.executemany(
+                "INSERT INTO trades VALUES (?,?,?,?,?,?,?)",
+                rows
             )
             logger.info("Loaded %d trades for %s", len(rows), coin)
 
@@ -282,10 +280,9 @@ class DuckDBLoader:
             ))
 
         if rows:
-            import duckdb
-            rel = duckdb.from_sequence(rows)
-            self.conn.execute(
-                "INSERT OR IGNORE INTO funding SELECT * FROM rel"
+            self.conn.executemany(
+                "INSERT OR IGNORE INTO funding VALUES (?,?,?,?,?,?)",
+                rows
             )
             logger.info("Loaded %d funding observations for %s", len(rows), coin)